It also allows detecting damaged packets using the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) error-detecting, code.The main task of this layer is to transform a raw transmission facility into a line that appears free of undetected transmission errors.The available transmission modes are Simplex, Half Duplex and Full Duplex., Chooses which type of transmission mode is to be selected for the transmission.It is concerned with transmitting raw bits over a communication channel.Here the 7 layers of the OSI reference model: Layers of OSI Model Layer Define the 7 different layers of the OSI Reference Model It helps to ignore the drawback of a particular topology and helps to pick the strengths from other.ġ3.It is a combination of different topologies to form a new topology.If the main bus fails, the whole network is damaged.All the smaller star networks are connected to a single bus.A combination of star and bus topology also know as an extended bus topology.It is rarely used and installation and management are difficult.It is robust as failure in one link only disconnects that node.Each node is connected to one or many nodes.It is used very rarely as it is expensive and hard to install and manage.If one of the nodes are damaged, it will damage the whole network.Each node is connected to exactly two nodes forming a ring structure.Mainly used in home and office networks. ![]() If the central node fails the complete network is damaged.All the nodes are connected to one single node known as the central node.If the main cable gets damaged, it will damage the whole network.It is useful to connect a smaller number of devices.All the nodes are connected using the central link known as the bus.The different types of network topology are given below: Define different types of network topology Extranet VPN: Extranet VPN uses shared infrastructure over an intranet, suppliers, customers, partners, and other entities and connects them using dedicated connections.ĩ.Intranet VPN: Intranet VPN is useful for connecting remote offices in different geographical locations using shared infrastructure (internet connectivity and servers) with the same accessibility policies as a private WAN (wide area network).There are 2 sub-categories as mentioned below: Site-to-Site VPN: A Site-to-Site or Router-to-Router VPN is commonly used in large companies having branches in different locations to connect the network of one office to another in different locations. ![]() It is a low-cost solution and provides a wide range of connectivity. It serves as an alternative to dial-up connections or ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) connections.
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